Theses and Dissertations

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Budget Performance and Health Services Delivery in Lira district; Northern Uganda
(Lira University, 2021) Okello, Patrick; Dr. Ejang, Mary
Budget Performance and Health Services Delivery in Lira district; Northern Uganda Patrick Okello Dr. Mary Ejang 2021 The study examines the effect of budget performance on health service delivery in Ogur and Amach Health Centre IV in Lira district. Specifically, the study examined the effect of budget variance on health service delivery, assessed the effect of budget execution on health service delivery and investigated the effect of budget monitoring on health service delivery. The study adopted a case study design, which employed a mixed method approach of both quantitative and qualitative methods. The study population was 96 which included administrators, finance department, Health workers, and Health unit management committee. Simple random sampling technique and purposive sampling, was used to select a sample size of 78 participants. The researcher used self-administered questionaries to collect quantitative data and an interview guide to collect qualitative data. Descriptive statistics (mean, and standard deviation), and inferential statistics (correlation and regression) were used to analyze numerical data. Content analysis data was used to analyze qualitative data from interviews to supplement quantitative data. The findings revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between budget performance and health service delivery (R =.718; p-value 0.007) and 51.5% aggregate effect of budget performance on service delivery. The study further revealed that budget execution process and budget monitoring have significantly affects health service delivery Health Centre IV northern Uganda. This study contributes an original and empirical -evidence of the association between budget performance and service delivery, Lira District Local Government should ensure extending their financial obligations to Health Centre IV to improve their service delivery. Management should also ensure that all the stakeholders are involved in all the stages in the budget process to improve on its efficiently.
Budgetary controls and Health Service Delivery in Lira City Northern Uganda.
(Lira University, 2023) Adong, Marietta; Okello, Santo
Backgrounds: Health service delivery in Uganda remains a challenge to the government of Uganda. The study established the effect of budgetary controls on Health Service Delivery in Lira City. The study was conducted based on specific objectives that were; to establish the effect of budget planning on health service delivery, to determine the effects of budget implementation on health service delivery and to ascertain the effect of budget monitoring on health service delivery I Lira city. Methods: The research conducted a cross-sectional study using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The study population consisted of 157members who are believed to be closely concerned with budgeting activities and health service delivery in their respective work stations and jurisdictions. Simple random sampling techniques and purposive sampling were used to select a sample size of 120 participants. This researcher used self-administered questionnaires to collect quantitative and interview guide to collect qualitative data. Descriptive analysis was performed using mean, standard deviation, frequencies and percentages to summarize the variables. Specifically, the Pearson correlation was used to determine the degree of correlation between the independent variables in this case (budgetary tool) and dependent variable (health service delivery). Results: -This study established the effects of budget planning on health service delivery, determined the effect of budget implementation on health service delivery and ascertained the effect of budget monitoring on health service delivery. Finally, regression analysis was used to establish of the independent variables (budgetary controls) on health service delivery. Based on the regression analysis, Budget Monitoring(beta=0.553. p=0.000) and Budget implementation (beta=0.297, p=0.020) had a statistically significance and positive impact on health service delivery, while budget planning did not have a statistically significant effect on health service delivery. Budget controls accounted for about (0.433) 43.3% improvement in health service Delivery. Conclusions: This study concluded that, Budgetary Controls affected Health Service Delivery in Lira City. Recommendations: This study recommended that a strong budgetary control should be used in health service delivery as government continues to deliver health services as contained in the text. Keywords: Budgetary controls, Health Service Delivery, Lira City, Northern Uganda
Capacity Building and Employees’ Job Performance in Oyam District Local Government
(Lira University, 2023) Odur, Fred; Nsisi, Christine
Background: The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between capacity building and employees’ job performance in Oyam District Local Government. Specifically, the study examined the effect of on-job-training, off-the-job training, and the effect of capacity building policy on employee’s job performance. There was no study conducted on capacity building policy on employees’ performance in Oyam District Local capacity building yet the level of service delivery is still poor that prompted the study. Literature was reviewed based on the study objectives. Methods: The study adopted a cross-sectional design which employed both quantitative and qualitative design. Data was collected from a total population of 82 participants using structured questionnaire developed based on five Likert scales, documentary review and an interview guide for key informant interviews. Descriptive statistics inform of percentage, mean, and standard deviation were determined and an inferential statistics using multiple regression were used for analysis. Results: The study found out that the on-the-job trainings had the effect on the employees ‘job performance since it had a regression coefficient of 0.385 and produced an R2 of 0.087 which is equal to 8.7%. On the-job training and the employee performance, the study findings revealed that off the job-training increases the employee job performance by 13.9% basing on the R2 square of 0.139and a standard coefficient of 0. 572.It was also found out that the capacity building policy positively affect the employee job-performance by 3.2% (R2=0.032, coefficient of 0.033). The small regression coefficient insinuates weak correlations between capacity building policy and employee job performance inclusion on the job training, off-the job training and capacity building policy have the positive and significance effect on the employees’ job performance. Therefore, this means capacity building policy does not have a so much influence on employees’ performance. Recommendations: It was therefore recommended that the district needs to put more emphasis on on-the job training since it greatly affects employees’ performance and at the same time carry out on the job-training to ensure that employees’ performance increases. Keywords: Capacity Building, Employees’ Job Performance, Oyam District Local Government
Commercial Soya Bean Farming and Livelihood of Members of Alito Joint Farmer’s Cooperative Society Limited: A Case of Alito Sub-County, Kole District
(Lira University, 2022) Oboi, Alex; Obonyo, Jimmy Francis
Background: This study established the contribution of commercial soya bean farming to livelihood of AJFCSL with specific objectives to established the contribution of commercial soya bean farming in promoting saving culture; Strengthening social networks; building social trust; and analyzing relationship between commercial soya bean farming and family stability. Methods: The study adopted a descriptive research design and used both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Conducted in Alito sub-county, a sample size of 155 respondents was considered in the study that had more farmers (96.77%) who were mainly married (74.84%) and comprising of more females (56.13%). Data was analyzed using thematic analysis for qualitative study, and IBM SPSS version 23 for quantitative study from which a linear regression analysis helped in establishing how commercial soya farming contributed to social capital of farmers in Kole district. Findings: The findings reveal that saving culture is -0.2 points and -0.178 points lower among soya bean farmers who do not use modern technology and do not own storage facilities, respectively; that social network is 0.637 and 0.423 points high among farmers who cultivate soya bean on acres between 1-5 and 5-10, respectively; and is 0.326 points higher for average yields of over 6,000kgs; that social trust is -0.298 points lower among soya bean farmers who do not use of modern technology; and that family stability is 0.440 points 0.475 points higher among farmers who cultivate soya bean on between 1-5 acres and 6-10 acres. Conclusion: The study concludes that non use of appropriate technology and non-ownership of storage facilities lowers the household prospects in saving culture; that planting more acreage; and getting better yields of soya bean strengthen social networks of farmers; that non-use of modern technology reduces social trust for farmers; and that there is a positive relationship between more acreage of soya bean cultivation and family stability. Recommendations: The study recommends the introduction of subsidized tractor-hire services; building of storage facilities; and awareness creation among members of AJFCSL. Further research can be considered on the relationship between commercial soya farming and other forms of livelihood capitals of farmers. Key words: Commercial Soya Bean, Farming, and Livelihood of Members.
Community based Monitoring and Education Service Delivery: A Case Study of Primary Education in Ogur Sub-County, Lira District Local Government
(Lira University, 2023) Masika, Rusia; Oguta, James
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of Community based monitoring on education service delivery. It was guided by three objectives that is, to examine the effect of community mapping on primary education service delivery, effect of community participation assessment on primary education service delivery and the effect of information delivery by parents to education stakeholders on primary education service delivery in Lira district. The stakeholder theory developed by Freeman in 1984 served as the study’s foundation. The theory reflects and demonstrates how administrators and other institutional stakeholders work to overcome the problem impeding their effectiveness. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design and technique of gathering both quantitative and qualitative data were employed. The information was gathered from 219 respondents in Ogur sub-county using a questionnaire built using a three-point Likert scale and a structured interview guide. Reliability was ensured through test and retesting questionnaires and face validity was performed. Data was analysed in term of descriptive statistics, correlation and linear regression using SPSS version 20 and Abstraction analysis for qualitative data was done. Results: The study found out positive and significant relationship between community mapping and education service delivery. The study also found out positive and significant relationship between community participatory assessment and education service delivery. Information delivery and the provision of education services are positive and significantly related. Recommendations: The researcher recommended that the government should provide more funds on community-based monitoring. Finally, it is necessary to undertake instructor monitoring by both parents and inspectors since working without supervision is useless because majority of workers abuse the right to self-supervision. Keywords: Community based Monitoring, Education Service Delivery, and Primary Education.
Decentralized Planning and Primary Education Service Delivery in Pakwach District Local Government.
(Lira University, 2023) Anena, Mary Racheal; Obonyo, Jimmy Francis
Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of decentralized planning on primary education service delivery in Pakwach district. The objectives of the study were: Find out the effect of goal setting on education service delivery in Pakwach district, examine how identification of priorities affect primary service delivery in Pakwach district, examine the effect of public participation in program implementation of primary education service delivery in primary schools in Pakwach district, and examine the effect of monitoring on primary education service delivery in Pakwach district. Methods: The cross-sectional survey study design with a mixed method approach was adopted for the study. Structured questionnaires were developed by researcher for data collection from a sample of 106 respondents. Frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviations were used to describe the variables while correlational analysis and digression analysis were used to determine the relationship and effect respectively. Results: This study concluded that the goal setting has a negative and significant effect on primary education service delivery in Pakwach district. This study concluded that identification of priorities had positive and significant effect on primary education service delivery in Pakwach district. The study concluded that participation in program implementation did not have significant effect on primary education service delivery in primary school in Pakwach district. Conclusions: The study concluded that monitoring has negative and significant effect on primary education service delivery in Pakwach district. The study recommendation that there is need to re evaluate the goal-setting process in primary education service delivery in Pakwach district that may consider a more flexible and adoptive approach that takes into account the specific context and needs of the district. Recommendations: The study recommended that there is need to encourage and strengthen the practice of identifying priorities in primary education service delivery in Pakwach district that may develop a systematic approach for identifying and addressing key priorities, involving relevant stakeholders such as educators, administrators, and the local community. The study recommended that there is need to explore ways to enhance the effectiveness of participation in program implementation in primary schools in Pakwach district, that may involve conducting further research to identify specific barriers to effective participation and developing targeted interventions to address these issues. The study recommended there is need to re-assess the monitoring mechanisms in place for primary education service delivery in Pakwach district in order to identify and address the specific aspect of monitoring that are having a negative impact, such as potential inefficiencies or misalignment with the educational goals. Keywords: Decentralized Planning, Primary Education Service Delivery, Pakwach District Local Government
Effect of corruption on health service delivery in Uganda: a case study of Lira District, Northern Uganda.
(Lira University, 2023) Okori, Tonny; Obici, Gilbert
Background: This study was set up to investigate the effect of corruption on health service delivery in Lira District. Corruption has been on the rise countrywide, and about 78 percent of Ugandans report that the government is not doing enough to combat corruption. The statistics reveal that a sum of 20 trillion shillings every year is lost to corruption; 131 billion shillings are lost through taxation; 459 billion shillings are lost in user fees and utilities; another 820 billion shillings are lost in natural resources and 15 billion shillings are lost in environmental degradation. Therefore, the study was governed by four objectives such as determining the effect of corruption on health service delivery, examining corruption actions in the health sector, determining some of the mechanisms of fighting corruption and investigating challenges faced by the public in fighting corruption in Lira District. Methods: The study adopted a cross-sectional study design that employed a mixed-method approach of both quantitative and qualitative methods. The study population consisted of 120 people which comprised patients, in-charges of Ogur and Amach Health Center IV, Village health teams and some community leaders. The researcher used self-administered questionnaires to collect data, an interview guide and a focus group discussion checklist for qualitative. The descriptive statistics (mean, frequency and standard deviation) and the regression statistics were used to determine the effect of corruption on health service delivery. Findings: The study found that corruption is associated with poor health service delivery in government health facilities. The regression coefficient of 0.97 and R-square of 0.97 reveal a strong correlation, which affects service delivery by 38.2 percentage points. The study also revealed that there are numerous corruption actions in health facilities such as the selling of government drugs to patients; bribery, especially in the outpatient department; theft of health commodities; nepotism; favoritism; segregation at all service points in health facilities; and poor accountability. On the mechanism of fighting corruption in the health sector, Lira District the study revealed some mechanisms such as community empowerment, community campaigns against corruption, reporting of suspected cases of corruption, tight supervision of government employees and others. On the challenges faced by the public in fighting against corruption, the study found that some common challenges are lack of community empowerment, a lack of information, unclear reporting channels for corrupt perpetrators, community ignorance and fears of being mistreated by health workers, a weak political system and bribery. Recommendations: Finally, the researcher suggests recommendations that the government of Uganda should increase health worker salaries; tighten supervision of health workers at least weekly for effective monitoring and a contract for fighting corruption be awarded to a private company because it worked well with the Apac Anti-corruption coalition (TACC). Keywords: Corruption, Health Service Delivery, and Lira District.
Emerging Patterns of Social Capital, Livelihoods and Sustainable Development in Post-Conflict Northern Uganda
(Science Publishing Group, 2020) Ejang, Mary; Apio, Sarah Okite
This qualitative study, conducted in Oyam district northern Uganda, presents an ethnographic analysis of the transformation of the social capital available to former internally displaced persons (IDPs) by the Lords’ Resistance Army (LRA) conflict, and the implications for their livelihood strategies. Northern Uganda suffered a protracted two decade (1986- 2006) civil war between the LRA and Government of Uganda. Forced conscription, abduction and eventual displacement into camps by the combatants shattered the mutual trusts and capital that communities had accumulated overtime. This paper applied case study design to investigate the emerging forms of social capital among former displaced persons and the respondents were purposively selected. In-depth interviews were held with Government civil servants and local leaders while focus group discussions were conducted with community members to explore opinions on the after-displacement livelihood strategies. Sustainable livelihoods and social capital theories were applied to analyse the relationship between social capital and livelihood resilience upon returning home from displacement. The findings indicated that while emerging from displacement, family members moved in phases with family heads and elder children returning first to prepare livelihood strategies. Both positive and negative networks emerged that influenced preference for social groups and livelihood activities. The established social groups comprised of ‘doggola’ (kinship) relationships, wage-labour, neighbours, friendship, alcohol consumption and informal social support groups. Despite the dynamics experienced in social capital and livelihood activities, the former IDPs modified and reverted to the traditional social capital. This paper concludes that amidst conflict and displacement, social capital sustains household welfare and community development hence, social capital does not vanish but changes forms. Thus, the post-conflict reconstruction programme ought to integrate social capital into its package for sustainability purpose.
Emotional Intelligence and Teachers Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Lira City
(Lira University, 2021) Ogwal, Dickens; Kabunga, Amir; Olang, Ferdinand
Teachers in most schools of Lira City have registered poor performance in subject areas they teach as exemplified in recent UNEB results. The city has continued registered poor performance in USE results as the percentage of students in division 1V and 9 in 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016 were 43.3%, 47.5%, 40.0% and 51.6% respectively (UNEB, 2017) implying that, nearly half of students who registered for USE examinations in those years failed. Studies have shown that Emotional Intelligence (EI) is a strong indicator of academic performance, social skills, making positive decisions, and a general scene of wellbeing of students and teachers. The teachers need to have emotional intelligence to help them in understanding aspect of learning and using it for teaching and helping the students. The success of students depends on effective teaching and emotional health of teachers play an imperative role towards that end. The secondary school teacher of today need to display a balanced effective approach to interact with the students and also for self-development in terms of research, administration and other teaching related functions for effective academic gains and career success. However, the effect of emotional intelligence on teachers’ performance has not been tested and documented. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of emotional intelligence on teachers’ performance in public secondary schools in Lira City. Specifically, the study focused on establishing the effect of self-awareness on teachers’ performance in public secondary schools in Lira City, the effect of social awareness on teachers’ performance in public secondary schools in Lira City, determine the effect of self-management on teachers’ performance in public secondary schools in Lira City and the effect of social skills on teachers’ performance in secondary schools in Lira City. Using a cross sectional designs with stratified and simple random sampling, 244 teachers participated in the study. Emotional intelligence and teachers’ performance were measured using validated self-report measures. The collected data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential methods using SPSS23. The findings indicate that social skills (p<0.01 B=0.339) significantly affect the teachers’ performance in Lira City, while self-awareness, social awareness and self-management do not significantly affect teachers’ performance in Lira City. It was therefore recommended that Organizations should train their managers/employees to acquire the competencies associated with emotional intelligence and more emphasis should be put on social skills.
Employee Training and Organizational Performance a Case Study of Education Service Sector in Lira District Local Government.
(Lira University, 2021) Angol, Jimmy; Akello, Judith Abal; Opio, Bonny Charles
Background: The study was conducted to examine the effect of training on employee performance in education sector of Lira DLG. Specifically, the study investigated the effect of on- Job training on employee performance, examine the effect of off-job training on employee performance and assessed the effect of induction on employee performance in the health sector of Lira DLG. Methods: The study used cross sectional research design where both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used; the sample size of the study population was 108 and was sampled using simple random sampling and purposive sampling techniques. Questionnaires and interview methods were used to collect data while mean and standard deviation were used to measure the performance of the construct in Lira DLG. Correlation coefficient was used to test the strength and direction of the relationship between training employee performance. Findings: All the constructs were positively correlated to organizational performance. the findings of the study revealed a positive significant effect of on -job training on employee performance in Lira DLG (Coef. 0430, p<0.01). Secondly, the results of on effect of off-job training on employee performance in Lira DLG further revealed a positive insignificant effect (Coef.0153, p > 0.01). Thirdly, the effect of the induction on employee performance of health sector employees in Lira DLG was found to be positive and significant (Coef. 0.430, p < 01). Finally, the results of multiple regressions yielded an adjustment R Square value of 0.372, which meant that training contribute about 37.2% to the performance of education sector employees in Lira DLG. Recommendations: Based on the above findings, the study recommends that Lira DLG should put more emphasis on on-job training and induction of employees in education sector to improve on the performance of the sector in Lira DLG.
Employment Benefit and employee productivity: A Case study of Joint Clinical Research Centre in Lango Sub-Region, Uganda
(Lira University, 2023) Adongo, Mercy Robinah; Akello, Judith Abal
Background: The study examine the effect of employee benefit on the productivity of employees in joint Clinical Research Centre in Lango sub-region. Specifically, the study looked at the effect of medical insurance, financial benefit and career growth on the productivity of employees in Clinical Research Centre. Using a sample of 103 staff drawn from a population of 142 staff of Clinical Research Centre, the study attempts to achieve three specific objectives. The first objective is to examine the effect of medical insurance on employee productivity. The second objective is to examine the effect of financial benefit on employee productivity. The final objective is to empirically assess the effect of career growth on employee commitment in Clinical Research Center. Methods: The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design and employed quantitative and qualitative approaches. The data collected was tested for validity and reliability and analyzed using SPSS Version 23 inform of descriptive statistics, correlation and regressions. Findings: The findings of the study revealed firstly, that medical insurance had a positive significant effect (β=0.592, p <0.01) on employee productivity in clinical Research Centre. Secondly, employee benefits had a positive significant effect (β=0.703, p >0.01) on productivity in Clinical Research Centre. Thirdly, the examination of the effect of career growth on employee productivity in clinical Research Center revealed a positive and statistically significant effect (β=0.579, p < 0.01). Recommendation: Based on the findings of the study, the researcher therefore recommenced that Clinical Research Center should adopt employee benefit practices in order to ensure enhance the level of employee productivity. Keywords: Employment Benefit, and employee productivity:
Faith-based organizations’ strategies and welfare of street children, A case of Lira City
(Lira University, 2024) Ojok, Fred; Obici, Gilbert
Background: The study examined the contributions of Faith Based Organisation to the Welfare of Street Children in Lira City. Specifically, the study examined the effect of Faith Based Organisation Strategies like; preventive strategies, rehabilitation strategies, outreach strategies and Collaboration strategies on the welfare of street children. Methods: The study adopted a descriptive study design, which employed a mixed method approach of both quantitative and qualitative methods. The study population consisted of 219 which included Lira City Official, Division Official, CDOs, Town Agents, Local Council Officials, Child Protection Officials, Police Officers and other community members. Simple random sampling technique and purposive sampling, were used to select a sample size of 196 participants. The researcher used self-administered questionnaires to collect quantitative data, interview guide and focus group discussion guide to collect qualitative data. Descriptive statistic (mean, and standard deviation), and inferential statistic (correlation and regression) were used to analyse numerical data. Content analysis was used to analyse qualitative data from interviews to supplement quantitative data. Findings: The findings revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between Faith Based Strategy had a significant effect on the welfare of street children, rehabilitation also had appositive impact while, outreach strategy and collaborative strategy equally contributed positive effects thus far. Conclusion: The study concludes that Faith Based Strategy significantly affect the welfare of street children in Lira City, northern Uganda. This study contributes an original and empirical evidence of the relationship between Faith Based Strategies and the welfare of street children in Lira City. Recommendation: Therefore , for improved welfare of street children in Lira City , Local Government and other non- state actors are encouraged to mobilize local community to embrace these strategies to ensure the welfare of children in the street ,encouraged cultural and religious institution to play significant roles on the welfare of street , encourage cultural and religious institution to play significant roles on the welfare of the street children and central government should enact strict laws for the protection of street children. Keywords: Faith-based organizations’, strategies, welfare, street children, and Lira City
Funding and Academic Performance in Universal Primary Education Schools in Aboke Subcounty Kole District, Uganda
(Society for Science and Education (United Kingdom), 2021) Okite, Apio Sarah
Study findings on the effects of education funding on student performance have been inconsistent. Some have indicated that it is how money is spent and not how much is available that determine academic outcomes. In Uganda, poor performance of Universal Primary Education (UPE) schools has partly been blamed on ineffectively utilization of UPE funds disbursed by government. This study aimed at establishing the relationship between funding and academic performance of such schools in Aboke sub-county, Kole District, northern Uganda. A cross-sectional study design was adopted where both qualitative and quantitative research approaches were used. Six schools out of 13 and a total of 165 respondents were sampled purposively or randomly to constitute study samples. Questionnaire, interview and documentary review methods were used to collect primary and secondary data. Tool validity was ensured through pre-testing while reliability was tested using Cronbach’s alpha test of reliability. Quantitative data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) while content analysis was used for the qualitative data. A total of 85.7% agreed on the availability of instructional materials. The role of the SMC in academic performance was established as not being clear (48.7%) while on average, majority of the respondents (53.5%) supported the statements about PTA. The Pearson Correlation findings indicate positive strong and statistically significant relationships between the size of financial disbursement and academic performance; timing of disbursement and academic performance; accountability and academic performance; and between accountability and funding. The regression analysis indicated that the funds size, disbursement timing and funds utilization have a significant combined effect on academic performance of UPE schools. It was concluded that low level of funding leads to poor performance of schools and that the size of funding greatly affects the academic performance compared to the timing of disbursement. It was recommended that the Government should improve UPE funding so as to improve academic performance of UPE schools
Gender In Leadership and Organizational Performance in Uganda: A Case of Nwoya District Local Government
(Lira University, 2022) Akello, Agnes Ebong; Ejang, Mary; Obici, Gilbert;
Background: The study investigated the influence of gender in leadership on organizational performance focusing on Nwoya District Local Government. Methods: The study adopted a cross sectional design, which was both quantitative and qualitative in nature and a sample of 123 respondents were studied. Findings: The findings of this study revealed that gender parity enhances the performance of the organization, a positive significant relationship exists between gender parity and organizational performance. The study also indicated that gender is positively and significantly correlated with the leadership style and lastly gender in leadership affects the performance of the organization. Conclusions: The study concluded that; gender parity in the organization is vital for the performance of the organization, gender determines the leadership of the organization and gender in leadership is very important in the performance of the organization. Recommendations: the study therefore made the following recommendations; organizations should develop a policy framework that gives equal opportunity for the different gender in the leadership position; the leadership of Nwoya District Local Government should encourage both males and females to equally take part in the leadership of the different organizations within the district and finally, the issue of the gender stereotype should be fought as studies and literature reviewed have indicated that it has a negative effect on gender in leadership. Keywords: gender, performance, leadership, organizational performance
Gender-based violence and Women Economic Empowerment in Apac Municipality
(Lira University, 2023) Angol, Daniel; Ejang, Mary
Background: The study focused gender based violence (GBV) and women Economic Empowerment (WEE) in Apac municipality. The research specific objectives were: to assess the factors affecting GBV, to examine the economic activities women, engage in, to analyze the relationship between GBV and women economic empowerment in Apac municipality. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional survey design while adopting both the qualitative and quantitative method of data collection and data analysis. Data from questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlational analysis while data from interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. SPSS software version 20 was a computer application package used to analyze data. Results: Findings revealed that the major factors affecting GBV in Apac municipality include; poverty and having multiple partners were the major factors influencing GBV. The study found out that the major economic activities that women are engaged in include; produce buying and selling, selling clothes, small businesses and fish mongering and have economically empowered women through giving them the access to educational information and supporting them in education of their children. The study found out that there was a negative relationship between GBV and women economic empowerment. It was found out that there was a positive relationship between government policies, GBV but there was a negative relationship between government policies and WEE in Apac municipality. Conclusions: The government of Uganda through the ministry of health need to strengthen health sector response. There is need to develop a comprehensive health sector response to the various impacts of violence against women, it is important to address the demonstrated reluctance of abused women to seek help. At the service level, response to violence against women should be integrated into all areas of care (for example, emergency services, reproductive health services such as antenatal care, family planning, and post-abortion care, mental health services and HIV/ AIDS-related services). Training is critical element in improving the health service response to violence against women. Also, there is need for the government to sensitize the masses on the negative impact of GBV so that they can learn from their own experiences. Recommendations: The study recommends that the government should ensure effectiveness of the law to protect women more especially after settling all the conflicts that disrupt their family at police station or in courts. Keywords: Gender-based violence, Women Economic Empowerment, and Apac Municipality.
Head Teachers’ Management Styles and Teachers’ Performance in Primary Schools in Northern Uganda: A Case of Government Aided Primary Schools in Alebtong District
(Lira University, 2022) Olwa, Denis; Etengu, Robert Oguti
Background: This study examined the effect of management styles on teachers’ performance in Alebtong District. Specifically, the study looked at the effect of autocratic management style, democratic management style and laissez faire management styles on teachers’ performance in Alebtong District. Methods: The study used a sample of 196 staff drawn from a population of 409. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design and employed a quantitative approach. The data was tested for validity and reliability and analyzed using SPSS version23 in form of descriptive statistics, correlations and regressions. Findings: The findings of the study revealed firstly, that autocratic management style had a positive significant effect (Adjusted R Square=27.6%, p<0.05) on performance of teachers in Alebtong District. Secondly, democratic management style had a positive significant effect (Adjusted R Square=54.3%, p>0.01) on performance of teachers in Alebtong District. Thirdly, the examination of the effect of laissez faire management style on teachers’ performance in Alebtong district revealed a negative and statistically insignificant effect (Adjusted R Square=-0.001, p>0.01). Recommendations: Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that management of schools in Alebtong District should adopt the management style which can help improve on the performance of teachers in the district. Keywords: Management Styles, and Performance
The Impact of Road Asset Management System on the Operation and Maintenance of World Bank Funded Roads in Lira City East Division
(Lira University, 2023) Ogwang, Patrick; Mwesigwa, David
Background: Effective road asset management system lay a leading role in enhancing the operation and maintenance of road assets. Subsequently, this study examined the contribution of road asset management to the operations and maintenance of World Bank funded roads in Lira City East Division. Specifically, the study focused on the effect of data collection, data management, and data analysis on the operation and maintenance of world bank funded roads in Lira City East Division. Methods: The study adopted a cross-sectional study design, which employed a mixed methods approach of both quantitative and qualitative methods. The study population consisted of 82 respondents which involved political leaders, technical staff and city development forum (CDF) members of Lira City East Division. Both the simple random sampling technique and purposive sampling technique were used to select a sample of 71 participants. The researcher adopted selfadministered questionnaires to collect quantitative data and an interview guide to collect qualitative data. Both descriptive statistics, and inferential statistics were used to analyze numerical data. Content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Findings: The findings revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between road asset management system and the operation and maintenance of world bank funded roads. Further, it was revealed that data collection, data management and data analysis yield a significant effect on operation and maintenance of world bank funded roads in Lira City East Division. This study contributes an original and empirical evidence of the contribution of road asset management on the operation and maintenance of roads in Lira City East Division. Recommendations: It is recommended that, for proper functionality and operations of world bank funded roads in Lira City Division, the authorities of Lira City East Division should do periodic inspection of all the roads, engage knowledgeable personnel in the collection of data on the conditions of all the roads so that it can be used as a basis of decision making during the development of work plan and budgets for road maintenance. Keywords: Impact, Road Asset Management System, Operation, Maintenance, World Bank Funded Roads, and Lira City East Division
Internal Corporate Governance Mechanism and Firm Financial Performance: A Case of Listed Commercial Banks at The Uganda Securities Exchange
(Lira University, 2021) Oder, Joshua; Etengu, Robert Oguti; Ejang, Mary
The study empirically examined the effect of internal corporate governance mechanism on the financial performance of listed commercial banks at the Uganda Securities Exchange. In particular, the study sought to: (1) establish the effect of board of directors on the financial performance of listed commercial banks at the Uganda Securities Exchange; (2) assess the information of audit committee on the financial performance of listed commercial banks at the Uganda Securities Exchange; and (3) examine the effect of ownership structure on the financial performance of the listed commercial bank at the Uganda Securities Exchange. The study employed ex-post facto research design using a combination of cross-sectional and time series data. Through the quantitative approach, the study examined balance panel data of five listed commercial banks at the Uganda Securities Exchange for a period of seven financial years (2012-2018). The study used mainly secondary data relating to corporate governance variables, firm financial and market performance that was collected manually from the annual reports of listed commercial banks. Primary data rating to internal corporate governance mechanisms and financial performance was also collected through interviews in order to supplement the secondary data. Analysis was done inform of descriptive statistics, correlations and regressions using STATA 14. The study found firstly and foremost that the board of directors does not significantly affect the financial performance of listed commercial banks at the USE as measured by return on equity (ROE) and Tobin’s Q (-ratio). Secondly and on the basis of the statistical results of the second hypothesis, the study found that the audit committee does not significantly affect the financial performance of listed commercial banks at the USE as measured by ROE and the Q-ratio. The study recommends the strengthening of the board of directors and the audit committees of the listed commercial banks so as to ensure that they provide adequate and sufficient time to pressing and current issues rating to their banks. In addition, government and policy makers should create an environment that encourages balanced investment for all the investors of especially the local banks irrespective of their nationality so that the ownership of these banks does not only grow among a few individual investors and companies but rather spread out reasonably to diversify and attract skills and companies to improve their financial performance. Moreover, the regulatory bodies like the capital markets authority (CMA) should mandate the corporate governance regulations in Uganda to further improve the financial performance of listed commercial banks.
Leadership Styles and Job Satisfaction in Lira District Local Government
(Lira University, 2021) Ocen, Martin Odyek; Ejang, Mary; Acanga, Alfred
The study examined the relationship between leadership styles and job satisfaction among employees in Lira District Local Government. Specifically, the study explored the leadership styles practiced in Lira District Local Government, established the level of job satisfaction among the employees of Lira District Local Government and examined the relationship between the leadership styles exhibited by the leadership institutions and job satisfaction in Lira District Local Government. The study used cross sectional design to collect and analyze both quantitative and qualitative data from a respondent category of council; the chairpersons, the Resident District Commissioner and chief administrative officer who constituted 92 employees of Lira District local government of salary category U4-U2. Simple random sampling, purposive sampling and stratified sampling techniques were used to select 92 study units for investigation purposes. Questionnaires and interview guides were used to collect data while descriptive statistics were used to measure leadership styles and job satisfaction. Correlation coefficient was used to test the relationship between job satisfaction and leadership styles. The findings indicated that democratic leadership style (mean=3.855, SD=0.403) was the most practiced leadership style while laisez fairre style (mean=2.581, SD=0.554) was the least practiced in Lira District Local Government. The study found that job satisfaction among employees was above average, which was confirmed by the overall mean of job satisfaction of (mean=3.513, SD= 0.786), which indicated the level of satisfaction. The study found that job satisfaction is positively and significantly correlated with autocratic leadership style (r=0.554, p< 0.05), democratic leadership style (r=0.639, p<0.05) and transformational leadership style (r=0.474, p< 0.05) while the correlation between laissez fairre leadership style and job performance indicated a positive significant relationship (r=0.069, p> 0.05). the study concluded that the application of autocratic, democratic and transformational leadership style leads to job. The study therefore, recommends that leaders and management of lira district local government should promote and embrace the use of democratic and transformational leadership style in their leadership since it has a significant relationship with job satisfaction
Local Government interventions and wetland management in Otuke District: A Case of Adwari Wetlands Strech
(Lira University., 2023) Odongo, John Bosco; Obici, Gilbert
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of local Government intervention on wetland management in Otuko District. The study looked at the effect of bylaws on wetland management; enforcement on wetlands management and partnership on wetland management in Otuke district. Methods: Primary data was collected from the respondents using a 5-Likert type scale questionnaire, interview guide and documentary review guide. Demographics data was analysed by descriptive statistics while the effect of local government interventions was analysed using regression model. Thematic and content analysis was used to analyse qualitative data. Findings: According to the findings, use of by-laws, enforcement and partnership all exhibited a positive significant relationship with wetland management. The result of the regression revealed that by-law, enforcement and partnership all significantly affect wetland management. Conclusion: The study concluded that enacting of ordinance by the district council help it the protection, conservation and restoration of wetland. The study also concluded that carrying out enforcement with the help of enforcement officer and police officers help to manage wetland. Finaly, the study concluded that partnering with CSO, NGO and cultural institution help in the management of wetland. Recommendations: The study therefore recommended that management of Otuke district local government and other local governments in Uganda should come out with by-laws and ordinances on wetland. The study also recommended that the local community should be sensitized on the importance of wetland protection and conservation. Finally, the study reconsented that enforcement officers and police officers in-charge environment should be empowered so as to enhance their capacity to enforce the by-laws, regulations, and policies on wetland. Key words: Local Government, interventions, wetland and Management

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