Theses and Dissertations

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The Impact of Road Asset Management System on the Operation and Maintenance of World Bank Funded Roads in Lira City East Division
(Lira University, 2023) Ogwang, Patrick; Mwesigwa, David
Background: Effective road asset management system lay a leading role in enhancing the operation and maintenance of road assets. Subsequently, this study examined the contribution of road asset management to the operations and maintenance of World Bank funded roads in Lira City East Division. Specifically, the study focused on the effect of data collection, data management, and data analysis on the operation and maintenance of world bank funded roads in Lira City East Division. Methods: The study adopted a cross-sectional study design, which employed a mixed methods approach of both quantitative and qualitative methods. The study population consisted of 82 respondents which involved political leaders, technical staff and city development forum (CDF) members of Lira City East Division. Both the simple random sampling technique and purposive sampling technique were used to select a sample of 71 participants. The researcher adopted selfadministered questionnaires to collect quantitative data and an interview guide to collect qualitative data. Both descriptive statistics, and inferential statistics were used to analyze numerical data. Content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Findings: The findings revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between road asset management system and the operation and maintenance of world bank funded roads. Further, it was revealed that data collection, data management and data analysis yield a significant effect on operation and maintenance of world bank funded roads in Lira City East Division. This study contributes an original and empirical evidence of the contribution of road asset management on the operation and maintenance of roads in Lira City East Division. Recommendations: It is recommended that, for proper functionality and operations of world bank funded roads in Lira City Division, the authorities of Lira City East Division should do periodic inspection of all the roads, engage knowledgeable personnel in the collection of data on the conditions of all the roads so that it can be used as a basis of decision making during the development of work plan and budgets for road maintenance. Keywords: Impact, Road Asset Management System, Operation, Maintenance, World Bank Funded Roads, and Lira City East Division
Faith-based organizations’ strategies and welfare of street children, A case of Lira City
(Lira University, 2024) Ojok, Fred; Obici, Gilbert
Background: The study examined the contributions of Faith Based Organisation to the Welfare of Street Children in Lira City. Specifically, the study examined the effect of Faith Based Organisation Strategies like; preventive strategies, rehabilitation strategies, outreach strategies and Collaboration strategies on the welfare of street children. Methods: The study adopted a descriptive study design, which employed a mixed method approach of both quantitative and qualitative methods. The study population consisted of 219 which included Lira City Official, Division Official, CDOs, Town Agents, Local Council Officials, Child Protection Officials, Police Officers and other community members. Simple random sampling technique and purposive sampling, were used to select a sample size of 196 participants. The researcher used self-administered questionnaires to collect quantitative data, interview guide and focus group discussion guide to collect qualitative data. Descriptive statistic (mean, and standard deviation), and inferential statistic (correlation and regression) were used to analyse numerical data. Content analysis was used to analyse qualitative data from interviews to supplement quantitative data. Findings: The findings revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between Faith Based Strategy had a significant effect on the welfare of street children, rehabilitation also had appositive impact while, outreach strategy and collaborative strategy equally contributed positive effects thus far. Conclusion: The study concludes that Faith Based Strategy significantly affect the welfare of street children in Lira City, northern Uganda. This study contributes an original and empirical evidence of the relationship between Faith Based Strategies and the welfare of street children in Lira City. Recommendation: Therefore , for improved welfare of street children in Lira City , Local Government and other non- state actors are encouraged to mobilize local community to embrace these strategies to ensure the welfare of children in the street ,encouraged cultural and religious institution to play significant roles on the welfare of street , encourage cultural and religious institution to play significant roles on the welfare of the street children and central government should enact strict laws for the protection of street children. Keywords: Faith-based organizations’, strategies, welfare, street children, and Lira City
The role of Uganda Police Force in the management of mob justice in Lira City: A case of Lira City West Division.
(Lira University, 2023) Dickens, Otim; Jimmy Francis, Obonyo
Background: The study examined the role of the Uganda Police Force in the management of mob justice in Lira City. The limited empirical study on the role of Police in the management of mob justice warranted this study which set out specific objectives to analyze the preventive role of police; to assess the police rescue effort; and to examine the crime investigation role of the police in the management of mob justice management in Lira City. Guided by the contagion theory and the emergent norm theory, The study provided empirical information that has added to the existing policies and mob justice management in Lira City West Division and Uganda at large. Method: The study used a cross-sectional design and adopted a mixed research approach; and sampled 123 respondents using simple random and purposive sampling techniques which generated data from 102 respondents, yielding a response rate of 82.9% and data was analyzed using IBM SPPSS version 23. The result revealed that the correlation between the preventive role and mob justice management (r = .714, p < .05) is positive, strong and statistically significant at 0.05 level; between police rescue effort and mob justice management (r = .224; p-value <.05) is positive, weak and significant and between crime investigation role and mob justice management(r = .224; p-value<0.5) is positive, weak and significant. Findings: The result of Linear regression analysis reveals that the preventive role, rescue role and crime Investigation have Beta coefficients of (p<0.05, β=0.63);(p<0.05,β=0.29); and (p-0.05,β=0.11), respectively and that only preventive role of police (p<0.05,β=0.63) significantly predicts the management of mob justice in Lira City(Adjusted R2=0.173). The quantitative findings on the preventive role revealed that police undertake community policing through radio and outreach programmes to create awareness which is effective in reducing the prevalence of mob Justice; on the rescue role, there is usually delays in accessing mob justice scenes due to logistic limitations; and on investigation roles, the police investigation has not been effective in managing mob justice also due to limited capacity to apprehend the real suspected perpetrators of mob. Conclusion: The study concludes that the preventive role of the police is more significant In the management of mob justice in the study area. Recommendation: The study recommends that the Uganda Police Force should scale up their community liaison campaigns to cover all the cells in Lira City West Division and Lira City at large so as to ensure the complete elimination of mob justice in the area; provision of logistic support to the Uganda Police Force as an attempt to scale up their responses to emergencies such as the intended mob action; and that the police force should reward and scheme for persons who could reveal the true identity of perpetrators of mob in society as an attempt to scale –up crime investigation. Further study can be considered on an in-depth analysis of the factors causing high prevalence of mob justice in Lira City. Keywords: Uganda Police Force, Management, Mob Justice,, Lira City West
Stakeholders’ participation and education service delivery in Dokolo District : a case study of selected government primary schools.
(Lira University, 2023) Akullo, Dillys; Oryang, Alex Chong
Background: The study investigated the effect of stakeholder’s participation in primary education service delivery in Dokolo District. The specific objectives of the study were; to investigate the effect of participatory planning on primary education service delivery in Dokolo District Local Government, to examine the effect of participatory implementation on primary education service delivery in Dokolo District Local Government and to assess the influence of participatory monitoring and evaluation on primary education service delivery in Dokolo District Local Government. The study interviewed 103 respondents. Methods: The study adopted cross sectional research design. The study used purposive and simple random sampling techniques and used questionnaires and interview guides as methods of data collection. The study used SPSS to analyze quantitative data. Qualitative data was analyzed using content and thematic analysis. Findings: The study found that participatory planning had no significant effect on primary education service delivery (p=0.149, BETA=0.178), participatory implementation had significant effect on primary education service delivery (p<0.01, beta=1.505) and finally, participatory monitoring and evaluation had significant effect on primary education service delivery (p<0.01, beta=1.313). Conclusions: The study concluded that implementation and monitoring had significant effect on education service delivery while participatory planning had no effect on education service delivery. Recommendations: The study recommended that stakeholders should be encouraged to participate in planning, implementation and monitoring of education services for transparency and accountability. To the policy makers, strong school policies and management controls should be formulated to streamline the extent of stakeholder’s participation. Finally, the local government should increase on the facilitation so that those activities that are supposed to be done at school that require money can be handled effectively because currently the grants that are sent are inadequate. Keywords: Stakeholders’ participation, Education service delivery, Dokolo District, Government primary schools.
Reward practices and teachers’ performance: a case of government –aided primary schools in Lira City
(Lira University, 2023) Akello, Manuela; Nsisi, Christine
Background: This study assessed the effect of reward practices on teachers’ job performance of the teachers in these schools. The study objectives were to establish the effect which extrinsic rewards, intrinsic rewards and government policies on teachers’ performance in government-aided primary school teachers in the Lira City. The study was guided by Herzberg’s motivational theory (1959). Methods: The study utilized a description cross-sectional design using quantitative and qualitative methods. The study sampled a total population of 370 from 19 schools and a sample size of 188 was selected using proportionate random and purposive sampling. Data was collected using interviews and self-administered structured questionnaires. In-depth interview was used to collect data from the head teachers of each school. Questionnaires were used to collect data from teachers. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including the mean and standard deviation. Regression models were used to ascertain the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. Findings: The findings of descriptive analysis on the study construct indicated that all the constructs indicated above-average performance. It implies that the respondents agreed that extrinsic and intrinsic rewards and government policy helped improve teachers’ performance in government-aided primary schools in the Lira City. The result of regression analysis indicated that extrinsic reward (β of 0.245, p<0.01), intrinsic reward (β of 0.311, p<0.01) and government policy (β of 0.445, p<0.01) significantly affected teachers’ performance in government-aided primary schools in the Lira City. Conclusions: The study concluded that; rewards like incentives, salaries and recognition help improve teachers’ performance. The study also concludes that favorable government policy that supports reward practices helps to motivate teachers. Recommendations: Therefore, the study recommended that schools’ management convince parents to contribute to teachers’ incentives and hardworking teachers should be recognized. Keywords: Reward practices, Teachers’ performance, Government-aided primary schools, and Lira City.
The role of guidance and counselling in shaping the behaviours of learners in secondary schools in Kole District : a case of government-aided schools.
(Lira University, 2024) Koli, Susan; Obonyo, Jimmy Francis
Background: The study examined the role of guidance and counselling in shaping the behaviours of learners in secondary schools in Kole District owing to the fact that there is currently limited empirical data on the two study variables. The study was set to examine the role of educational guidance and counselling; to assess the role of vocational guidance; and to examine the role of personal guidance and counselling in shaping behaviours of learners. Conducted in the months of May, June and July 2023, the study is expected to contribute to the empirical information on the study variables. Guided by the robust model of moral realism and the behavioral change theories, Methods: The study used a cross sectional design and adopted a mixed method where 88 respondents were sampled using simple random and purposive sampling techniques. Qualitative data was collected using interview guide and focused group discussion while, Quantitative data was collected using questionnaires which yielded a 93.1% response rate and was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23. Findings: The results indicate that the correlations between bahaviours of learners and educational guidance and counselling is positive, very strong and significant at 0.05 level; vocational guidance and counselling is positive, substantial and significant at 0.05 level; and personal guidance and counselling is positive, strong and significant at 0.05% level. The qualitative findings established that education guidance and counselling is significant in improving the concentration of learners in academic disciplines, vocational guidance and counselling is significant in enhancing career choices for learners in secondary schools and personal guidance is significant in solving some of the social and economic challenges among learners in secondary schools. Conclusions: The study concludes that educational guidance and counselling plays a significant role in shaping the behaviours of learners; vocational guidance and counselling plays a moderate role in shaping the behaviors of learners; and personal guidance and counselling plays a significant role in shaping the behaviours of secondary school learners in the study area. Recommendations: The study recommends that stakeholders in secondary schools should consider having a standard package for educational guidance and counselling; provide standard and a pre-determined packages to aid staff who are involved in offering vocational guidance and counselling; and improvise a platform upon which learners can highlight or present their social, economic and personal challenges. Future research can be considered on the factors that are limiting the successful implementation of guidance and counselling in secondary schools. Keywords: Guidance and Counselling, Behaviour of learners, Secondary Schools, Kole District, Government-aided Schools.
Effect of corruption on health service delivery in Uganda: a case study of Lira District, Northern Uganda.
(Lira University, 2023) Okori, Tonny; Obici, Gilbert
Background: This study was set up to investigate the effect of corruption on health service delivery in Lira District. Corruption has been on the rise countrywide, and about 78 percent of Ugandans report that the government is not doing enough to combat corruption. The statistics reveal that a sum of 20 trillion shillings every year is lost to corruption; 131 billion shillings are lost through taxation; 459 billion shillings are lost in user fees and utilities; another 820 billion shillings are lost in natural resources and 15 billion shillings are lost in environmental degradation. Therefore, the study was governed by four objectives such as determining the effect of corruption on health service delivery, examining corruption actions in the health sector, determining some of the mechanisms of fighting corruption and investigating challenges faced by the public in fighting corruption in Lira District. Methods: The study adopted a cross-sectional study design that employed a mixed-method approach of both quantitative and qualitative methods. The study population consisted of 120 people which comprised patients, in-charges of Ogur and Amach Health Center IV, Village health teams and some community leaders. The researcher used self-administered questionnaires to collect data, an interview guide and a focus group discussion checklist for qualitative. The descriptive statistics (mean, frequency and standard deviation) and the regression statistics were used to determine the effect of corruption on health service delivery. Findings: The study found that corruption is associated with poor health service delivery in government health facilities. The regression coefficient of 0.97 and R-square of 0.97 reveal a strong correlation, which affects service delivery by 38.2 percentage points. The study also revealed that there are numerous corruption actions in health facilities such as the selling of government drugs to patients; bribery, especially in the outpatient department; theft of health commodities; nepotism; favoritism; segregation at all service points in health facilities; and poor accountability. On the mechanism of fighting corruption in the health sector, Lira District the study revealed some mechanisms such as community empowerment, community campaigns against corruption, reporting of suspected cases of corruption, tight supervision of government employees and others. On the challenges faced by the public in fighting against corruption, the study found that some common challenges are lack of community empowerment, a lack of information, unclear reporting channels for corrupt perpetrators, community ignorance and fears of being mistreated by health workers, a weak political system and bribery. Recommendations: Finally, the researcher suggests recommendations that the government of Uganda should increase health worker salaries; tighten supervision of health workers at least weekly for effective monitoring and a contract for fighting corruption be awarded to a private company because it worked well with the Apac Anti-corruption coalition (TACC). Keywords: Corruption, Health Service Delivery, and Lira District.
Local Government interventions and wetland management in Otuke District: A Case of Adwari Wetlands Strech
(Lira University., 2023) Odongo, John Bosco; Obici, Gilbert
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of local Government intervention on wetland management in Otuko District. The study looked at the effect of bylaws on wetland management; enforcement on wetlands management and partnership on wetland management in Otuke district. Methods: Primary data was collected from the respondents using a 5-Likert type scale questionnaire, interview guide and documentary review guide. Demographics data was analysed by descriptive statistics while the effect of local government interventions was analysed using regression model. Thematic and content analysis was used to analyse qualitative data. Findings: According to the findings, use of by-laws, enforcement and partnership all exhibited a positive significant relationship with wetland management. The result of the regression revealed that by-law, enforcement and partnership all significantly affect wetland management. Conclusion: The study concluded that enacting of ordinance by the district council help it the protection, conservation and restoration of wetland. The study also concluded that carrying out enforcement with the help of enforcement officer and police officers help to manage wetland. Finaly, the study concluded that partnering with CSO, NGO and cultural institution help in the management of wetland. Recommendations: The study therefore recommended that management of Otuke district local government and other local governments in Uganda should come out with by-laws and ordinances on wetland. The study also recommended that the local community should be sensitized on the importance of wetland protection and conservation. Finally, the study reconsented that enforcement officers and police officers in-charge environment should be empowered so as to enhance their capacity to enforce the by-laws, regulations, and policies on wetland. Key words: Local Government, interventions, wetland and Management
Decentralized Planning and Primary Education Service Delivery in Pakwach District Local Government.
(Lira University, 2023) Anena, Mary Racheal; Obonyo, Jimmy Francis
Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of decentralized planning on primary education service delivery in Pakwach district. The objectives of the study were: Find out the effect of goal setting on education service delivery in Pakwach district, examine how identification of priorities affect primary service delivery in Pakwach district, examine the effect of public participation in program implementation of primary education service delivery in primary schools in Pakwach district, and examine the effect of monitoring on primary education service delivery in Pakwach district. Methods: The cross-sectional survey study design with a mixed method approach was adopted for the study. Structured questionnaires were developed by researcher for data collection from a sample of 106 respondents. Frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviations were used to describe the variables while correlational analysis and digression analysis were used to determine the relationship and effect respectively. Results: This study concluded that the goal setting has a negative and significant effect on primary education service delivery in Pakwach district. This study concluded that identification of priorities had positive and significant effect on primary education service delivery in Pakwach district. The study concluded that participation in program implementation did not have significant effect on primary education service delivery in primary school in Pakwach district. Conclusions: The study concluded that monitoring has negative and significant effect on primary education service delivery in Pakwach district. The study recommendation that there is need to re evaluate the goal-setting process in primary education service delivery in Pakwach district that may consider a more flexible and adoptive approach that takes into account the specific context and needs of the district. Recommendations: The study recommended that there is need to encourage and strengthen the practice of identifying priorities in primary education service delivery in Pakwach district that may develop a systematic approach for identifying and addressing key priorities, involving relevant stakeholders such as educators, administrators, and the local community. The study recommended that there is need to explore ways to enhance the effectiveness of participation in program implementation in primary schools in Pakwach district, that may involve conducting further research to identify specific barriers to effective participation and developing targeted interventions to address these issues. The study recommended there is need to re-assess the monitoring mechanisms in place for primary education service delivery in Pakwach district in order to identify and address the specific aspect of monitoring that are having a negative impact, such as potential inefficiencies or misalignment with the educational goals. Keywords: Decentralized Planning, Primary Education Service Delivery, Pakwach District Local Government
Budgetary controls and Health Service Delivery in Lira City Northern Uganda.
(Lira University, 2023) Adong, Marietta; Okello, Santo
Backgrounds: Health service delivery in Uganda remains a challenge to the government of Uganda. The study established the effect of budgetary controls on Health Service Delivery in Lira City. The study was conducted based on specific objectives that were; to establish the effect of budget planning on health service delivery, to determine the effects of budget implementation on health service delivery and to ascertain the effect of budget monitoring on health service delivery I Lira city. Methods: The research conducted a cross-sectional study using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The study population consisted of 157members who are believed to be closely concerned with budgeting activities and health service delivery in their respective work stations and jurisdictions. Simple random sampling techniques and purposive sampling were used to select a sample size of 120 participants. This researcher used self-administered questionnaires to collect quantitative and interview guide to collect qualitative data. Descriptive analysis was performed using mean, standard deviation, frequencies and percentages to summarize the variables. Specifically, the Pearson correlation was used to determine the degree of correlation between the independent variables in this case (budgetary tool) and dependent variable (health service delivery). Results: -This study established the effects of budget planning on health service delivery, determined the effect of budget implementation on health service delivery and ascertained the effect of budget monitoring on health service delivery. Finally, regression analysis was used to establish of the independent variables (budgetary controls) on health service delivery. Based on the regression analysis, Budget Monitoring(beta=0.553. p=0.000) and Budget implementation (beta=0.297, p=0.020) had a statistically significance and positive impact on health service delivery, while budget planning did not have a statistically significant effect on health service delivery. Budget controls accounted for about (0.433) 43.3% improvement in health service Delivery. Conclusions: This study concluded that, Budgetary Controls affected Health Service Delivery in Lira City. Recommendations: This study recommended that a strong budgetary control should be used in health service delivery as government continues to deliver health services as contained in the text. Keywords: Budgetary controls, Health Service Delivery, Lira City, Northern Uganda
The Role of Civil Society Organizations in Pro-Poor Local Government Budget Processes A case of Dokolo District.
(Lira University., 2023) Ogwang, Godfrey Okello; Obici, Gilbert
Background: This study focused on the “Role of Civil Society Organizations in Pro-Poor Local Government Budget “. A case study of Dokolo District. The main purpose of the study was to examine the extent to which civil society organizations promote pro-poor local government budget processes. The specific objectives of the study were; to examine the extent to which Cilil Society Organizations contribute to local government revenue enhancement, to examine the extent to which Civil Society Organizations influence the enactment of pro-poor local government budget allocations/priorities, to examine the extent to which Civil Society Organizations promote pro-poor implementation of enacted local government budgets and to examine the extent to which Cilil Society Organizations prevent leakages to local government budget resources. Methods:The study used descriptive and correlational design, employing both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The population of the study included officials of 10 civil society organizations and both technical and political leaders of 6 local governments in Dokolo district. The sample size of the study was 89 respondents determined using Krejcie and Morgan Table (Krecie and Morgan, 1970). The target respondents included both male and females. Findings: The findings of the study was as follow: that civil society organizations contribute to local government revenue enhancement, building the capacity of local governments in revenue mobilization, providing off-budget support to local governments: that civil society organizations promote pro-poor local government budget allocations through forums such as budget conferences and budget dialogues; that civil society organizations influence local government to implement their budgets in ways that serve the best interests of the poor and/or the underprivileged and/or their priorities; by pressurizing local government to implement pro-poor priorities that local governments would otherwise not implement and by speeding up or reducing delay in the implementation of pro-poor priorities or projects; and that civil society organizations promote local government budgets by preventing leakages to pro-poor local government resources by among others checking shoddy work in pro-poor projects, public Expenditure Tracking Surveys (PETS) to check loss of funds meant for pro-poor projects. Recommendations: In lights of the findings this study therefore recommended as follows: that local governments should leverage civil society organizations as an important resource in enhancing their revenue; that local governments should involve civil society organizations in all phases of the budget circle; that local governments should embrace the use of social accountability forums and tools such as barazas, public Expenditure Tracking Surveys (PETS) and social movements for checking local government budget resources leakages to enhance decentralized service delivery. Based on what remains unknown, this study suggests future research on the role of social accountability in fighting poverty. Key words: Civil Society, Organizations, Pro-Poor, Local Government, Budget.
Women group farming and household food security in Kwania District: A Case of Inomo Sub County
(Lira University., 2023) Angom, Anna Odongo; Mwesigwa, David
Background: Women group have been recognized for its great role towards household food security. Studies indicated that women group has got direct bearing on household food stability because to ensure stability of food at all times, there has got to be economic capacity to acquire food at the time it is needed throughout the year. Therefore, this study examined the effect of women group farming (WGF) to household food security in Inomo Sub- County, Kwania District. Specifically, the study determined the effect of woman group farming on food availability; assessed the effect of woman group farming on food accessibility, assessed the effect of woman group farming on food stability and examined the effect of woman group farming on food utilization. Methods: The study adopted a crossed-sectional study design, which employed a mixed method approach of both quantitative and qualitative methods. The study population consisted of 122 respondents, which included District Commercial Officer, District Agricultural Officer, Sub County Development Officer, Executive and members of the women group farming in Inomo Sub County. Both the simple random sampling technique and purposive sampling technique were used to select a sample of 122 participants. The researcher adopted Self-Administered Questionnaires to collect qualitative dada and an interview guide to collect qualitative data. Both descriptive statistics which included mean, and standard deviation, and inferential statistics which included correlation and regression were used to analyse numerical data. Content analysis was used to analyse data. Findings: The finings revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between women group farming and household food security. Further, it was revealed that women group farming revealed a significant effect on food availability., food accessibility, food stability and food utilization. Conclusion: The study concluded that women group farming significantly affects household food security in Inomo sub-county, Kwania District. Recommendations: The study recommend that, for improved food security in households in Inomo Sub-County, the sub-county authorities should sanitise the local community to form groups so that they can get support from the government. Key words: Women, Group, Farming, household, Food, and Security
Staff Motivation and Health Service Delivery in Apac General Hospital, Apac District
(Lira University, 2023) Ongom, Emmanuel; Obonyo, Jimmy Francis
Background: The study investigates the influence of staff Motivation on health service delivery in Apac General Hospital. This study was anchored on the Herzberg two-factor theory of motivation which was postulated by Herzberg in 1964. It states that there are some factors in the workplace which cause job satisfaction, while a separate set of factor cause dissatisfaction, and that all of these act independently from each other. Methods: The study employed a descriptive case study research design. A mixed approach combining both quantitative and qualitative method was used in the study. The researcher collected data using a structured questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale type that measured the responses of 105 participants for quantitative purposes and an interview guide for qualitative purposes using key-informant interview. Data was analyzed in terms of descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and linear regression using SPSS version 20 and Abstraction analysis for qualitative data. Results: The study found that there is a positive and significant relationship between intrinsic motivation and health service delivery. Its provision increased health service delivery by 14.0%. The study findings also showed a positive and significant relationship between health workers’ extrinsic motivation and health service delivery (coefficient of 0.29 and R2 of 0.88). The study concluded that the provision of extrinsic motivation to staff increased the rate of health service delivery by 8.8%. Additionally, the study found that the recent salary enhancements for health workers has led to a small increase in the level of health service delivery by only 3.4%. The regression coefficient of 0.18 revealed a weak positive correlation between recent salary enhancements for health workers and health service delivery. Conclusions: The researcher recommended that the government should further increase salaries for all staff in the health sector and that the district should conduct routine supervision of health workers as they perform their duties. Finally, hospital administrators should make payment of incentives, provide staff supervision, provide accommodation within hospital settings, encourage teamwork and give rewards to the best performing health workers so as to improve service delivery. Keywords: Staff motivation, Health Service delivery, and Apac general Hospital
Motivation and Employee Job Performance in the Private Sector: A case Study of Mukwano Group of Companies, Lira Branch
(Lira University, 2023) Okuna, Victor; Oryang, Alex Chono
Background: The purpose of the study was to investigate on employee job performance in the private sector with a case study of Mukwano group of companies Lira Branch. The study was based on the following objectives; to investigate the effects of the monetary factors on employee’s job performance in Mukwano group of companies Lira Branch, to analyze the non-monetary factors on employee’s job performance in Mukwano group of companies Lira Branch and finally to examine the effects of organization motivational policy on employee’s job performance in Mukwano group of companies Lira. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional research design. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative methods to collect and analyze data. A total of 95 respondents were interviewed. The study findings revealed that; monetary factors were not satisfactory to the employees and the non-monetary factors were neglected by the company. Results: The study revealed that the company employs various motivational policies though recruitment policy affects worker’s performance most since it comes with very good promises. The study also revealed that there is a direct strong and positive relationship between employee motivation and their performance. As far as policies are concerned, the company implements recruitment policy more than other policies. Conclusions: The study concludes that there is a very strong positive relationship between motivation and job performance. Recommendations: The study recommends that; the company should improve on non-monetary rewords. The study also recommended that there should be performance appraisal as a tool for proper management and that there should be timely payment of salaries to the employees. Keywords: Motivation, Job Performance, Private Sector, Mukwano Group of Companies, Lira City
Poverty and Forest Degradation in the Lango Sub Region; A case of Kole District Northern
(Lira University, 2023) Okori, Phionah; Gilbert, Obici
Background: The study was set to evaluate the impact of poverty on forest degradation in Kole district includes; food insecurity, poverty, adverse weather loss of some tree spices among others in Kole District. The specific objectives of the study were to examine the effect of limited energy sources, unstable income sources, and food insecurity on forest degradation in Kole District. Methods: study adopted a case design while incorporating both qualitative and quantitative methods. The study used simple random sampling and purposive sampling to select respondents which include the local community near Ayer and Alito CFR and key informant respectively. A total of 132 respondents were selected. A total of 118 questionnaires were returned and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23, while qualitative data from the key informants was analyzed using the recursive method and the result presented in chapter four. Results: The findings revealed that limited energy sources and unstable income sources were significant at coefficient p<0.01, β= 0.43, and p<0.01, β= 0.38, respectively in determining the effects of poverty on forest degradation but food security was insignificant. Conclusions: The study concludes that the use of firewood as a source of energy in households, and generally limited energy sources among households degrade forest; that fuel wood harvesting in particular, and unstable income sources in general degrade forests, and that food insecurity promotes land clearance within forests although it is not significant degrading forests. Recommendations: The study recommends that energy subsidies such as on electricity, biogas and introduced in Kole district, fishing for the people living in and around the forests be considered and deployment of forest officials be done in forest areas of Kole district. Keywords: Poverty, Forest Degradation, and Kole District
Capacity Building and Employees’ Job Performance in Oyam District Local Government
(Lira University, 2023) Odur, Fred; Nsisi, Christine
Background: The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between capacity building and employees’ job performance in Oyam District Local Government. Specifically, the study examined the effect of on-job-training, off-the-job training, and the effect of capacity building policy on employee’s job performance. There was no study conducted on capacity building policy on employees’ performance in Oyam District Local capacity building yet the level of service delivery is still poor that prompted the study. Literature was reviewed based on the study objectives. Methods: The study adopted a cross-sectional design which employed both quantitative and qualitative design. Data was collected from a total population of 82 participants using structured questionnaire developed based on five Likert scales, documentary review and an interview guide for key informant interviews. Descriptive statistics inform of percentage, mean, and standard deviation were determined and an inferential statistics using multiple regression were used for analysis. Results: The study found out that the on-the-job trainings had the effect on the employees ‘job performance since it had a regression coefficient of 0.385 and produced an R2 of 0.087 which is equal to 8.7%. On the-job training and the employee performance, the study findings revealed that off the job-training increases the employee job performance by 13.9% basing on the R2 square of 0.139and a standard coefficient of 0. 572.It was also found out that the capacity building policy positively affect the employee job-performance by 3.2% (R2=0.032, coefficient of 0.033). The small regression coefficient insinuates weak correlations between capacity building policy and employee job performance inclusion on the job training, off-the job training and capacity building policy have the positive and significance effect on the employees’ job performance. Therefore, this means capacity building policy does not have a so much influence on employees’ performance. Recommendations: It was therefore recommended that the district needs to put more emphasis on on-the job training since it greatly affects employees’ performance and at the same time carry out on the job-training to ensure that employees’ performance increases. Keywords: Capacity Building, Employees’ Job Performance, Oyam District Local Government
Gender-based violence and Women Economic Empowerment in Apac Municipality
(Lira University, 2023) Angol, Daniel; Ejang, Mary
Background: The study focused gender based violence (GBV) and women Economic Empowerment (WEE) in Apac municipality. The research specific objectives were: to assess the factors affecting GBV, to examine the economic activities women, engage in, to analyze the relationship between GBV and women economic empowerment in Apac municipality. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional survey design while adopting both the qualitative and quantitative method of data collection and data analysis. Data from questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlational analysis while data from interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. SPSS software version 20 was a computer application package used to analyze data. Results: Findings revealed that the major factors affecting GBV in Apac municipality include; poverty and having multiple partners were the major factors influencing GBV. The study found out that the major economic activities that women are engaged in include; produce buying and selling, selling clothes, small businesses and fish mongering and have economically empowered women through giving them the access to educational information and supporting them in education of their children. The study found out that there was a negative relationship between GBV and women economic empowerment. It was found out that there was a positive relationship between government policies, GBV but there was a negative relationship between government policies and WEE in Apac municipality. Conclusions: The government of Uganda through the ministry of health need to strengthen health sector response. There is need to develop a comprehensive health sector response to the various impacts of violence against women, it is important to address the demonstrated reluctance of abused women to seek help. At the service level, response to violence against women should be integrated into all areas of care (for example, emergency services, reproductive health services such as antenatal care, family planning, and post-abortion care, mental health services and HIV/ AIDS-related services). Training is critical element in improving the health service response to violence against women. Also, there is need for the government to sensitize the masses on the negative impact of GBV so that they can learn from their own experiences. Recommendations: The study recommends that the government should ensure effectiveness of the law to protect women more especially after settling all the conflicts that disrupt their family at police station or in courts. Keywords: Gender-based violence, Women Economic Empowerment, and Apac Municipality.
Community based Monitoring and Education Service Delivery: A Case Study of Primary Education in Ogur Sub-County, Lira District Local Government
(Lira University, 2023) Masika, Rusia; Oguta, James
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of Community based monitoring on education service delivery. It was guided by three objectives that is, to examine the effect of community mapping on primary education service delivery, effect of community participation assessment on primary education service delivery and the effect of information delivery by parents to education stakeholders on primary education service delivery in Lira district. The stakeholder theory developed by Freeman in 1984 served as the study’s foundation. The theory reflects and demonstrates how administrators and other institutional stakeholders work to overcome the problem impeding their effectiveness. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design and technique of gathering both quantitative and qualitative data were employed. The information was gathered from 219 respondents in Ogur sub-county using a questionnaire built using a three-point Likert scale and a structured interview guide. Reliability was ensured through test and retesting questionnaires and face validity was performed. Data was analysed in term of descriptive statistics, correlation and linear regression using SPSS version 20 and Abstraction analysis for qualitative data was done. Results: The study found out positive and significant relationship between community mapping and education service delivery. The study also found out positive and significant relationship between community participatory assessment and education service delivery. Information delivery and the provision of education services are positive and significantly related. Recommendations: The researcher recommended that the government should provide more funds on community-based monitoring. Finally, it is necessary to undertake instructor monitoring by both parents and inspectors since working without supervision is useless because majority of workers abuse the right to self-supervision. Keywords: Community based Monitoring, Education Service Delivery, and Primary Education.
Staff Appraisal and Teachers’ Performance: A Case of Secondary Schools in Oyam District
(Lira University, 2022) Alemo, Moses; Obici, Gilbert
Background: This study was about staff appraisal and teachers’ performance, a case of secondary schools in Oyam District Local Government. The general objective of the study was to examine the relationship between staff appraisal and teachers’ performance in secondary schools in Oyam District, the study sought to establish whether all the three independent variables of self-appraisal, management appraisal and appraisal feedback had any significant relationship with teachers’ performance in the secondary schools in the district. Methods: The study applied both quantitative and qualitative methods and cross-sectional survey design was used on a population of 100 with a sample size of 80 respondents and probability proportionate to size was used to generate the sample frame. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS ver.23 and descriptive, inferential and regression statistics was presented in tables while qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis and integrated in the overall discussion of the result. Results: The findings indicate a weak, insignificant positive relationship between staff self appraisal systems and teachers’ performance while managerial appraisal has a strong positive significant relationship with teachers’ performance followed by appraisal feedback which had a moderate significant relationship with teachers’ performances in Oyam District. However, overall, the regression model showed a strong, positive significant relationship between staff appraisal (r=0.692, p<0.05) and teachers’ performance with the coefficient of determination (r2=0.479) implying that 47.9% of observed variation in teachers’ performances is explained by staff appraisal and others by other factors not included in the study. Recommendations: The study recommended that E-assessment template be designed to avoid bias in score as well as regular and termly feedback to all teachers is needed. Keywords: Staff Appraisal, and Teachers’ Performance
School Environment and Girls’ Education: A Case of Primary Schools in Oyam District, Northern Uganda
(Lira University, 2022) Okwanga, Robert Alem; Mwesigwa, David
Background: The main thrust of this research was to determine the effect of school environmental factors on girls’ education in Oyam District. Methods: The study was guided by the cross-sectional survey study design using a mixed methods approach. Structured questionnaires were developed by the researcher and administered to 139 respondents. Means and standard deviations were used to describe the variables while correlation analysis and regression analysis were used to determine the relationship and the effect respectively. Findings: The results revealed that only teaching and learning processes (p<0.01, β=0.36) significantly predicts girls’ education. School environmental factors explain ~21% variation of all the possible factors that are likely to account for girls’ education in Oyam District (Adj. R2=0.205). Conclusions: Teaching and learning processes, in terms of, adequacy of lesson preparation, adequate assessment, and classroom capacity as well as instructional materials, in terms of, adequate learning aids, and adequate science kits affect girls’ education in Oyam District. Recommendations: Its encouraged that a conducive school environment becomes a central concern among key stakeholders for effective teaching and learning coupled with regular monitoring of teaching and learning processes if girls’ education is to be enhanced in Oyam District. Keywords: School Environment, and Girls’ Education

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